The Directorate of Water Resources and Improvement of River Systems (DWIR) is a key governmental department under the Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock, and Irrigation (MOALI) responsible for the development, management, and conservation of the nation’s water resources. Its primary objective is to ensure the sustainable and efficient use of water for multiple purposes, including irrigation, flood control, river improvement, navigation, and environmental protection. DWIR’s responsibilities encompass a wide range of technical, engineering, and environmental functions aimed at enhancing national water security. It undertakes planning, design, construction, and maintenance of irrigation systems, drainage networks, river training works, embankments, and flood protection structures. These projects are crucial in supporting agricultural productivity, preventing water-related disasters, and improving livelihoods in rural areas. A major function of DWIR is river system management, which includes activities such as river dredging, bank stabilization, sediment control, and waterway improvement. These efforts not only mitigate flood and erosion risks but also promote inland water transport and the sustainable development of river basins. In addition, DWIR conducts hydrological and meteorological data collection, monitoring river flows, rainfall, and water quality to support water resource planning and early warning systems. The department also integrates environmental conservation principles into its projects to ensure that development activities do not negatively impact ecosystems or biodiversity. Through collaboration with national and international organizations, DWIR works to strengthen capacity in water governance, climate change adaptation, and disaster risk management. By balancing development needs with environmental sustainability, the Directorate plays a central role in ensuring the resilient and equitable management of the country’s water resources.